Making a scene in the 18th century: political cartoons in the first Age of Visual Satire

This course introduces the breathtaking work of the four great cartoonists of 18th-century Britain: William Hogarth, Thomas Rowlandson, Isaac Cruikshank and James Gillray. Drawing on a wide array of these satirists’ visual works, we will discover not only the many targets of their unsparing derision but also the different forms that satire in the Georgian era took. In doing so, we seek to find the boundary-line between the sayable and the unsayable in a boisterous culture that was pushing that boundary-line ever further out — and occasionally losing sight of it altogether.

Course details

Checking availability...
Start Date
26 Jul 2026
Duration
5 Sessions over one week
End Date
1 Aug 2026
Application Deadline
28 Jun 2026
Location
International Summer Programme
Code
W35Am25

Tutors

Dr Matthew Neal

Dr Matthew Neal

Affiliated Lecturer, Faculty of History; Fellow, Girton College

Aims

This course aims to:

  • introduce you to the work of four of 18th century Britain’s greatest visual satirists
  • equip you to understand what was sayable and what unsayable in an era of freer, but not ‘free’ speech
  • reveal how complex was a culture that could be both stiffly polite and boisterously vulgar

Course content

This five-day course provides you with a rich and engaging deep-dive of the work of four of the 18th century Britain’s greatest visual satirists. In doing so, it unlocks the visual vocabularies of 18th century political and social satire and equips you to read such sources with a new degree of precision. And not only precision: another goal of the course is to enable you to appreciate the sheer range of tropes and motifs that formed the vocabulary of political and social satire in the Georgian era. For it is the wide range of visual satirists’ targets that accounts for the inability of the authorities to keep a lid on criticism. As the pot boiled over, and the lid flew off, so a culture that had once been marked by censorship and control became instead boisterous, robust, and even rude. 

What to expect on this course

This course, which is a British history course, will be taught across five seminars. Each of the first four seminars will examine a different 18th century satirist, with the fifth seminar bringing the work of these visual artists together in a set of reflections on the 18th century public sphere. Seminars will involve a mixture of lecture, class discussion and group activity. The style of the seminars is informal, friendly and relaxed, and questions are actively encouraged at all stages!

Course sessions

  1. William Hogarth: ‘Other pictures we look at; his pictures we read’
  2. Thomas Rowlandson: A Social Satirist at Work
  3. Isaac Cruikshank: Punchbags and Patriotism
  4. James Gillray: Satirist from Head to Toe – Crowns, Shoes, and Everything in Between
  5. Visual Satire and the Growth of Public Criticism: Saying the Once-Unsayable

Learning outcomes

As a result of the course, you will gain a greater understanding of the subject and you should be able to:

  • deepen your knowledge of four of 18th century Britain’s greatest satirists
  • reveal the 18th century origins of modern free speech
  • appreciate the profound influence of William Hogarth, Thomas Rowlandson, Isaac Cruikshank and James Gillray on the changing atmosphere of Georgian public life

Required reading

There is no required reading for this course. See Course materials for supplementary reading once registered.